Synthesis and application of zeolite and glass fiber supported zero valent iron nanoparticles as membrane component for removal nitrate and Cr (+6) ions

In the present paper the synthesis and characterization of zeolite and glass fiber supported zero valent iron nanoparticles (Ze-ZVI, GF-ZVI NPs) are reported.ZVI, Ze-ZVI and GF-ZVI NPs size, composition and morphology were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Synthesized nanostructures were tested as reducing agents of nitrate and hexavalent Chromium. Batch experiments were carried for revealing of efficacy of prepared nanomaterials (ZE-ZVI NPs and GF-ZVI NPs). Nitrate removal efficiency (at initial concentration 50 mg/mL) was rapidly increased from 26% to 76% for GF-ZVI NPs at 60-240 min time interval for and from 34% to 90% for ZE-ZVI NPs at the same time interval.Also was studied the efficacy of prepared nanostructures ZE-ZVI and ZE-ZVI NPs as membrane component with 5% of ZVI NPS weight contentfor the removal of nitrate from water solution that made 85% for ZE-ZVI NPs and 76% for GF-ZVI NPs, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the application of GF-ZVI and ZE-ZVI NPs as membrane component is advantageous because it allows to prevent the additional pollution of treated solution caused by unreacted ZVI NPs

Role of structure of the Pp/magnetite nanocomposites on their thermal properties

The thermal degradation behaviour of polypropylene and its magnetite composites have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Distribution of magnetite nanoparticles in a polymer matrix has been studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and also atomic force microscopy. The thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites based on polypropylene and magnetite nanoparticles have also been investigated. It has shown that, the introduction of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in polypropylene increases its thermal stability of about 1000C. The maximum increase in the thermal stability of PP was observed in the case of a 20% weight content of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in polypropylene

Effect of ferroelectric BaTiO3 particles on the threshold voltage of a smectic A liquid crystal

The influence of small ferroelectric BaTiO3 particles on the planar–homeotropic transition threshold voltage in smectic A liquid crystals consisting of p-nitrophenyl p-decyloxybenzoate and 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl were studied by using capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements. It was shown that the BaTiO3 particles significantly reduce the threshold voltage. The obtained result is explained by two factors: an increase of dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystals and the formation of a strong electric field near polarized particles of BaTiO3. It was shown that the role of the second factor is dominant. The explanations of some features observed in the C–V characteristics are given

Investigation into Natural and Anthropogenic Radionuclide Contamination on the Absheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan -10208

ABSTRACT The Absheron peninsula in Azerbaijan has a long history of oil and gas exploration, transport, and processing. The region surrounding the capital, Baku, has played a critical role in past conflicts, in particular in the two World Wars, and it continues to play a critical role in providing fossil fuels to Europe. However, the urgency of providing oil and gas, coupled with less stringent environmental controls in the past, has led to considerable contamination of the soil and water in the region with naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) as well as heavy metals and organic materials. In addition, the malfunction of the Chernobyl nuclear power reactor in Ukraine has contributed to the environmental burden in the region. Radiometric surveys, performed at two abandoned iodine separation plants, have shown radiation levels two to three orders of magnitude above background levels. These elevated radiation levels are mainly due to Ra-228 and Ra-226 with lower contributions from U-238 and U-235. More detailed analysis of one specific sample showed a general decrease in Ra-226 and Ra-228 concentration with depth

Synthesis of Fe/Ni Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Application to the Catalytic Removal of Nitrates from Water

This work investigated the effectiveness of zerovalent iron and Fe/Ni bimetallic nanoparticles in the treatment of water polluted by a high concentration of nitrates. Nanoparticle synthesis was carried out by a sodium borohydride reduction method in the presence of sodium oleate as a surfactant. The particles were characterized by XRD and SEM. Batch experiments were conducted on water samples contaminated by 300 mg L−1 of nitrate. The parameters investigated were the Fe/Ni dosage (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 g L−1) and the reaction pH (unbuffered; buffered at pH = 3; initial pH = 3, 5, and 10). The results showed that almost complete nitrate removal (>99.8%) was always achieved after 15 min at a concentration of bimetallic nanoparticles higher than 0.2 g L−1. The optimization of bimetallic nanoparticle dosage was carried out at a fixed pH. Kinetic study tests were then performed at different temperatures to assess the effect of temperature on the nitrate removal rate. By fixing the pH at acidic values and with an operating temperature of 303 K, nitrates were completely removed after 1 min of treatment

Synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanocomposites for environmental remediation

In the present study, the effect of nano-magnetite (Fe3O4) content on mechanical and magnetic properties of polypropylene matrix is investigated. Magnetite nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by coprecipitation while the composites were prepared by an ex situ processing method involving solvent casting followed by compression molding. The nanoparticles and resulting nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, tensile testing and vibrating sample magnetometry. It was found that composites have tailorable mechanical and magnetic properties dependent on the content of magnetic filler. Increase of concentration of magnetite particles provides a significant increase of Young's modulus without affecting the yield strength and the ductility. As regards the magnetic properties, nanocomposites having 10 wt% of nanoparticles exhibited a superparamagnetic behaviour that can be exploited in environmental applications

Effect of nano-magnetite particle content on mechanical, thermal and magnetic properties of polypropylene composites

Magnetic nanoparticles embedded in polymer matrices have excellent potential for electromagnetic device applications, like electromagnetic interference suppression or strain sensing applications in the structural health monitoring domain. In this work, polymer nanocomposites of polypropylene loaded with varying concentrations of magnetite nanoparticles (from 2 to 40 wt%) have been synthesized by an ex situ process. The magnetite nanoparticles were produced using a simple co-precipitation technique. The nanocomposites were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, tensile and hardness testing, vibrating sample magnetometry. The mechanical properties were found to be dependent on the degree of dispersion and on the strong nucleating ability of magnetite nanoparticles, while a superparamagnetic behavior was reported. These composites have tailorable mechanical and magnetic properties highly dependent on the content of magnetic filler